專利名稱::基于零序電流波形畸變凹凸性的高阻接地故障檢測(cè)方法
技術(shù)領(lǐng)域:
:本發(fā)明屬于電力系統(tǒng)保護(hù)和控制領(lǐng)域,特別涉及一種針對(duì)中性點(diǎn)經(jīng)電阻接地的中壓(6飛6kV)配電線路高阻接地故障的檢測(cè)方法。
背景技術(shù):
:?jiǎn)蜗嘟拥毓收鲜桥潆娤到y(tǒng)中最常見的故障現(xiàn)象,大約占全部故障發(fā)生總數(shù)的7(Γ80%左右。為了提高供電可靠性,傳統(tǒng)上國(guó)內(nèi)6kV飛6kV的配電網(wǎng)一般采用中性點(diǎn)非有效接地,包括不接地、經(jīng)消弧線圈或高阻接地等方式。中性點(diǎn)非有效接地系統(tǒng)配電線路發(fā)生單相接地故障時(shí),線電壓三角形對(duì)稱性保持不變,不影響負(fù)荷的持續(xù)供電;但是非故障相電壓會(huì)升高到接近線電壓,特別是暫態(tài)過電壓能達(dá)到額定相電壓值的5飛倍,嚴(yán)重威脅線路的絕緣水平,而且非常容易擊穿線路上的薄弱點(diǎn)而發(fā)展為相間故障,同時(shí)單相接地故障后的故障選線存在困難。近年來,部分大中型城市和大型企業(yè)用戶逐漸采用了中性點(diǎn)經(jīng)小電阻接地的方式,此時(shí)單相接地故障后,故障電流增大,依靠繼電保護(hù)的動(dòng)作隔離故障;但是這種接地方式下,也存在經(jīng)樹枝、沙石等高阻接地故障的情況,短路電流較小,傳統(tǒng)的過流保護(hù)難以切除。高阻接地故障長(zhǎng)時(shí)間存在會(huì)帶來電氣設(shè)備損壞、火災(zāi)和觸電等危害,亟待解決。針對(duì)高阻接地故障通常伴隨電弧放電,同時(shí)接地電阻的非線性將導(dǎo)致故障點(diǎn)電流非線性畸變等特征,先后有多種故障檢測(cè)方法被提出,包括:A.E.Emanuel等提出的基于二次和三次諧波相位的方法,TexasA&MUniversity以D.B.Russell為代表等提出的基于頻譜分析的方法(專利號(hào)US.5578931)、基于諧波電流和基波電壓比較的方法(專利號(hào)US.5659453),D.I.Jeerings在1990年提出了采用三次諧波相對(duì)系統(tǒng)電壓的相位變化作為故障檢測(cè)的判據(jù)。清華大學(xué)董新洲、崔韜等提出了基于剩余電流諧波分量的單相接地故障檢測(cè)方法(專利公開號(hào)CN101387682A),該方法僅利用了零序電流信息,適用于沒有電壓互感器的場(chǎng)合。但是,以上方法都是利用頻域信息檢測(cè)高阻接地故障,其局限性在于完全忽略了電氣量的時(shí)域特征,而且不同故障條件下諧波含量以及相位都會(huì)發(fā)生變化,難以選取固定的幅值和相位閾值。
發(fā)明內(nèi)容本發(fā)明的目的是克服已有技術(shù)的不足之處,提出了一種基于零序電流波形畸變凹凸性的高阻接地故障檢測(cè)方法,通過零序電流過零點(diǎn)之后其二階導(dǎo)數(shù)的符號(hào)變化來判斷高阻接地故障的發(fā)生。本發(fā)明提出的基于零序電流波形畸變凹凸性的高阻接地故障檢測(cè)方法,其特征在于,包括以下步驟I)對(duì)饋線的零序電流進(jìn)行采樣,獲得一個(gè)工頻周波的采樣值序列f(n),n=l,2,......N,N為整數(shù),取值范圍為6(Γ240,對(duì)采樣值序列進(jìn)行有限沖擊響應(yīng)(FIR)數(shù)字低通濾波,濾波器截止頻率為采樣頻率的1/10到1/2倍;得到濾波后的N個(gè)點(diǎn)的序列值F(η);2)用數(shù)值微分方法求F(η)的二階導(dǎo)數(shù)D2(η),其中D2(n)=F(n+2)+F(n_2)-2F(η);對(duì)得到的二階導(dǎo)數(shù)D2(η)進(jìn)行有限沖擊響應(yīng)(FIR)數(shù)字低通濾波,得到序列值F2(η),n=l,2,......N;3)判斷F(n)的正向過零時(shí)刻tpzOT。和反向過零時(shí)刻tnzOT。,判斷方法為若F(η-1)〈O且F(η)>O貝丨Jtpzero=η;若F(η-1)>O且F(η)〈O貝丨Jtnzero=n,n=l,2,......N,且令F(O)=F(N);4)判斷正向過零點(diǎn)之后[tpzero,tpzero+N/8]期間內(nèi),以及反向過零點(diǎn)之后[tnZero,tnzero+N/8]期間內(nèi)F(n)的凹凸性,判斷方法為如果F2(η)>0則F(n)定義為凹性,如果F2(η)〈O則F(η)定義為凸性;如果tpz_+N/8或者tnz_+N/8的值大于N,則將F2(η)進(jìn)行周期延拓(即如果tpz_+N/8大于N,當(dāng)n=N+ftpz_+N/8時(shí),令F2(n)=F2(n_N);或者如果tnzero+N/e大于N,當(dāng)n=N+ltnzer()+N/8時(shí),令F2(n)=F2(η-Ν));5)根據(jù)F(n)的凹凸性進(jìn)一步判斷疑似高阻接地故障是否發(fā)生,方法如下如果F(tpzero)是凸性,且在[tp_,tpzero+N/8]期間內(nèi),有連續(xù)Ii1個(gè)點(diǎn)使得F(η)是凹性;或者如果F(tnzero)是凹性,且在[tnzOT。,tnzero+N/8]期間內(nèi),有連續(xù)Ii1個(gè)點(diǎn)使得F(η)是凸性,則判斷為疑似高阻接地故障發(fā)生;6)每O.02秒重復(fù)一次步驟1飛),得到每個(gè)工頻周波是否發(fā)生疑似高阻接地故障的結(jié)果,根據(jù)疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間及發(fā)生次數(shù),確定故障為穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障、間歇性故障.。所述疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間及發(fā)生次數(shù)的判斷采用如下方法若疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間超過穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障時(shí)間閾值,則判斷為穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障;若疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間小于穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障時(shí)間閾值且超過電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件時(shí)間閾值,則判斷為電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件;若在系統(tǒng)時(shí)間窗內(nèi)發(fā)生電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件次數(shù)大于干擾事件次數(shù)閾值,則認(rèn)為是間歇性故障。所述穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障時(shí)間閾值、電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件時(shí)間閾值、系統(tǒng)時(shí)間窗和干擾事件次數(shù)閾值可根據(jù)對(duì)故障檢測(cè)靈敏度的要求不同進(jìn)行設(shè)定設(shè)定穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障時(shí)間閾值Tstable為廣10秒,設(shè)定電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件時(shí)間閾值Tirapt為O.05、.I秒,設(shè)定系統(tǒng)時(shí)間窗Tsystrai為510秒,設(shè)定干擾事件次數(shù)閾值為3、次。本發(fā)明的特點(diǎn)及效果本發(fā)明的檢測(cè)對(duì)象為零序電流波形畸變的凹凸性,與現(xiàn)有的高阻接地故障檢測(cè)方法相比有如下優(yōu)點(diǎn)該方法屬于基于時(shí)域信息的高阻接地檢測(cè)算法,關(guān)注零序電流的局部特征,比基于諧波的檢測(cè)方法靈敏度更高;零序電流二階導(dǎo)數(shù)在零序電流過零點(diǎn)附近的凹凸性改變,反映了接地電阻的劇烈變化和電弧的熄滅重燃特性,其物理意義更明確。本發(fā)明能為切除發(fā)生高阻接地故障的線路提供可靠依據(jù),減少了高阻接地故障所造成的危害。圖I為低通濾波后的典型高阻接地故障的零序電流波形,以及本發(fā)明所述的畸變凹凸性變化。具體實(shí)施例方式本發(fā)明提出的基于零序電流波形畸變凹凸性的高阻接地故障檢測(cè)方法,其特征在于,包括以下步驟I)對(duì)饋線的零序電流進(jìn)行采樣,獲得一個(gè)工頻周波的采樣值序列f(n),n=l,2,......N,N為整數(shù),取值范圍為6(Γ240,對(duì)采樣值序列進(jìn)行有限沖擊響應(yīng)(FIR)數(shù)字低通濾波,濾波器截止頻率為采樣頻率的1/10到1/2倍;得到濾波后的N個(gè)點(diǎn)的序列值F(η);2)用數(shù)值微分方法求F(n)的二階導(dǎo)數(shù)D2(η),其中D2(n)=F(n+2)+F(n-2)-2F(n);對(duì)得到的二階導(dǎo)數(shù)D2(η)進(jìn)行有限沖擊響應(yīng)(FIR)數(shù)字低通濾波,得到序列值F2(η),η=1,2,......N;3)判斷F(η)的正向過零時(shí)刻tpzOT。和反向過零時(shí)刻tnzOT。,判斷方法為若F(η-1)〈O且F(η)>O貝丨Jtpzero=η;若F(η-1)>O且F(η)〈O貝丨Jtnzero=n,n=l,2,......N,且令F(O)=F(N);4)判斷正向過零點(diǎn)之后[tpzOT。,tpzero+N/8]期間內(nèi),以及反向過零點(diǎn)之后[tnZero,tnzero+N/8]期間內(nèi)F(n)的凹凸性,判斷方法為如果F2(η)>0則F(n)定義為凹性,如果F2(η)〈O則F(η)定義為凸性;如果tpz_+N/8或者tnz_+N/8的值大于N,則將F2(η)進(jìn)行周期延拓(即如果tpzero+N/8大于N,當(dāng)nN+rtpzero+N/8時(shí),令F2(n)=F2(η-Ν);或者如果tnzero+N/e大于N,當(dāng)η=N+ltnzer()+N/8時(shí),令F2(n)=F2(η-Ν));5)根據(jù)F(n)的凹凸性進(jìn)一步判斷疑似高阻接地故障是否發(fā)生,方法如下如果F(tpzero)是凸性,且在[tpzOT。,tpzero+N/8]期間內(nèi),有連續(xù)Ii1個(gè)點(diǎn)使得F(η)是凹性;或者如果F(tnzero)是凹性,且在[tnzOT。,tnzero+N/8]期間內(nèi),有連續(xù)Ii1個(gè)點(diǎn)使得F(η)是凸性,則判斷為疑似高阻接地故障發(fā)生;6)每O.02秒重復(fù)一次步驟1飛),得到每個(gè)工頻周波是否發(fā)生疑似高阻接地故障的結(jié)果,根據(jù)疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間及發(fā)生次數(shù),確定故障為穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障、間歇性故障.。所述疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間及發(fā)生次數(shù)的判斷采用如下方法若疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間超過穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障時(shí)間閾值,則判斷為穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障;若疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間小于穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障時(shí)間閾值且超過電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件時(shí)間閾值,則判斷為電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件;若在系統(tǒng)時(shí)間窗內(nèi)發(fā)生電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件次數(shù)大于干擾事件次數(shù)閾值,則認(rèn)為是間歇性故障。所述穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障時(shí)間閾值、電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件時(shí)間閾值、系統(tǒng)時(shí)間窗和干擾事件次數(shù)閾值可根據(jù)對(duì)故障檢測(cè)靈敏度的要求不同進(jìn)行設(shè)定設(shè)定穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障時(shí)間閾值Tstable為廣10秒,設(shè)定電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件時(shí)間閾值Tirapt為O.05、.I秒,設(shè)定系統(tǒng)時(shí)間窗Tsystrai為510秒,設(shè)定干擾事件次數(shù)閾值為3、次。實(shí)施例具體包括以下步驟I)對(duì)饋線的零序電流進(jìn)行采樣,采樣頻率9kHz,獲得其一周波的采樣值序列f(η)共180點(diǎn),對(duì)采樣值序列用FIR濾波器進(jìn)行低通濾波,濾波器截止頻率為900Hz,得到濾波后的180點(diǎn)序列F(n),n=l,2,......180;f(η)=[23.05,22.34,21.64,20.94,20.17,19.33,18.50,17.67,16.82,15.92,14.97,1403,13.09,12.14,11.12,10.09,9.085,8.087,7.066,6.024,5.003,4.030,3.110,2.221,I392,O.6728,O.089,-O.3828,-O.7697,-I.066,-I.270,-I.395,-I.486,-I.563,-I.620,-1.641,-I.646,-I.666,-I.701,-I.739,-I.771,-I.821,-I.909,_2·047,_2·231,_2·492,-2.910,-3.623,_4·899,_7·307,-11.51,-16.33,-19.47,-21.04,-21.97,-22.94,-23.96,-25.02,-25.87,-26.40,-26.92,-27.30,-27.61,-28.05,-28.51,-28.81,-28.96,-29.08,-29.24,-29.43,-29.55,-29.55,-29.45,-29.44,-29.44,-29.30,-29.09,-28.87,-28.66,-28.43,-28.12,-27.72,-27.31,-26.95,-26.53,-26.00,-25.44,-24.90,-24.35,-23.74,-23.06,-22.34,-21.65,-20.95,-20.18,-19.34,-18.51,-17.68,-16.83,-15.93,-14.98,-14.03,-13.10,-12.15,-11.13,-10.10,_9·094,_8·096,_7·075,_6·033,_5·012,_4·038,-3.118,-2.229,-I.399,-O.6786,-O.093,O.3790,O.7666,I.064,I.269,I.394,I.485,I.562,I.619,I.641,I.646,I.665,I.701,I.739,I.771,I.820,I.908,2.045,2.229,2.489,2.906,3.614,4.883,7.278,11.47,16.29,19.45,21.03,21.96,22.93,23.95,25.01,25.86,26.40,26.91,27.29,27.61,28.04,28.50,28.81,28.96,29.07,29.24,29.43,29.55,29.55,29.45,29.44,29.44,29.30,29.09,28.87,28.67,28.43,28.12,27.72,27.32,26.96,26.53,26.01,25.45,24.90,24.35,23.74]濾波器系數(shù)h(n)=F(η)=[20.09,19.29,18.47,17.62,16.75,15.86,14.94,14.01,13.05,12.08,11.09,1009,9.085,8.071,7.060,6.060,5.077,4.124,3.216,2.368,I.595,O.9082,O.3146,-O.1813,-O.5810,-O.8928,-I.129,-I.304,-I.428,-I.514,-I.574,-I.618,-I.652,-I.682,-I714,-I.754,-I.811,-I.891,_2·008,_2·184,_2·462,_2·928,_3·734,_5·046,_6·928,-9307,-12.00,-14.76,-17.36,-19.62,-21.43,-22.80,-23.85,-24.73,-25.49,-26.16,-26.73,-27.22,-27.64,-28.01,-28.34,-28.62,-28.87,-29.07,-29.22,-29.33,-29.40,-29.44,-29.44,-29.39,-29.31,-29.18,-29.03,-28.83,-28.59,-28.32,-28.01,-27.67,-27.29,-26.87,-26.41,-25.93,-25.41,-24.85,-24.26,-23.64,-22.99,-22.31,-21.60,-20.86,-20.09,-19.30,-18.48,-17.63,-16.76,-15.87,-14.95,-14.02,-13.06,-12.09,-I1.10,-10.10,-9.094,_8·081,_7·069,_6·068,_5·086,_4·133,_3·224,_2·375,-I.602,-O9140,-O.3195,O.1773,O.5778,O.8903,I.127,I.302,I.427,I.514,I.574,I.617,I.651,I.681,I.713,I.754,I.810,I.890,2.007,2.182,2.459,2.923,3.724,5.031,6.909,9.284,11.97,14.74,17.34,19.60,21.41,22.79,23.85,24.72,25.49,26.15,26.72,27.21,27.64,28.01,28.33,28.62,28.86,29.06,29.22,29.32,29.40,29.44,29.44,29.39,29.31,29.18,29.03,28.83,28.60,28.32,28.01,27.67,27.29,26.87,26.42,25.93,25.41,24.86,24.27,23.65,23.00,22.32,21.61,20.87]2)用數(shù)值微分方法求F(n)每個(gè)點(diǎn)處的二階導(dǎo)數(shù)(用D2(n)表示),D2(n)=F(n+2)+F(n-2)-2F(n),用周期延拓的方法得到邊界點(diǎn)處數(shù)據(jù)的二階導(dǎo)數(shù),如D2(I)=F(3)+F(179)-2F(1),D2(2)=F(4)+F(180)-2F(2),D2(179)=F(I)+F(177)-2F(179),D2(180)=F⑵+F(178)-2F(180),對(duì)得到的二階導(dǎo)數(shù)序列D2(η)用FIR濾波器低通濾波,所用濾波器與I)相同,得到濾波后序列F2(η),η=1,2,......180D2(η)=O.01X[-10.00,-8.998,-10.00,_8·998,_8·998,_8·998,_8·000,_8·000,_7·002,-6.000,-4.000,-3.000,_2·000,I.000,4.000,8.000,13.00,18.00,24.00,29.60,34.10,37.10,38.48,37.80,34.76,30.10,24.90,20.10,15.30,10.60,6.800,4.000,I.600,-·8000,-3.500,-6.499,-10.00,-15.60,-25.70,-45.11,-81.78,-137.4,-192.2,-215.O,-187O,-120.O,-29.00,59.01,129.O,168.O,165.O,125.O,78.02,49.98,40.00,37.00,33.00,27.00,21.00,18.00,17.00,16.00,18.00,19.00,17.00,15.00,14.00,16.00,17.00,16.00,15.00,14.00,16.00,16.00,14.00,14.00,14.00,15.00,16.00,14.00,12.00,14.00,15.OO,13.00,12.00,12.00,12.00,12.00,12.00,11.00,10.00,11.00,11.00,8.998,8.998,8.998,8.000,8.000,7.002,6.000,4.998,3.000,2.000,-I.000,_4·000,_7·002,-12.00,-17.70,-24.00,-29.70,-34.00,-37.00,-38.50,-37.83,-34.85,-30.20,-24.90,-20.00,-15.30,-10.90,-7.002,-3.900,-I.500,O.8998,3.500,6.301,10.00,15.60,25.50,44.89,81.28,136.7,192.O,215.O,187.O,120.O,31.00,-60.00,-130.O,-167.O,-163.O,-126.O,-8000,-49.98,-41.00,-37.00,-31.00,-26.00,-23.00,-19.00,-16.00,-17.00,-17.00,-1800,-18.00,-14.00,-14.00,-17.00,-17.00,-16.00,-15.00,-14.00,-15.00,-16.00,-1600,-14.00,-13.00,-15.00,-15.00,-14.00,-14.00,-13.00,-13.00,-14.00,-13.00,-12.00,-12.00,-12.00,-13.00,-13.00]F2(η)=O.OlX[-8.874,_8·504,~7.995,~7.294,_6·449,_5·383,_4·043,_2·374,-O.2499,2.39O,5.630,9.486,13.90,18.63,23.35,27.70,31.24,33.60,34.50,33.88,31.85,28.67,24.70,20.34,16.00,11.90,8.188,4.847,I.774,-I.237,_4·599,_9·096,-16.15,-27.88,-4612,-70.86,-98.96,-124.5,-140.I,-139.5,-118.8,-79.31,-27.29,26.74,71.90,100.7,111.5,106.7,91.85,73.14,55.56,42.13,33.37,27.86,24.09,21.31,19.31,18.04,17.28,16.85,16.57,16.31,16.05,15.75,15.56,15.53,15.48,15.33,15.08,14.87,14.79,14.74,14.59,14.40,14.29,14.18,13.97,13.67,13.32,12.99,12.72,12.43,12.04,11.70,1146,11.18,10.84,10.46,10.04,9.615,9.175,8.672,8.074,7.378,6.578,5.536,4.214,2572,·5037,-2.077,_5·274,_9·121,-13.53,-18.29,-23.08,-27.52,-31.17,-33.58,-3451,-33.89,-31.87,-28.70,-24.75,-20.40,-16.04,-11.95,_8·222,_4·870,-I.795,I.228,4.589,9.062,16.07,27.72,45.90,70.62,98.67,124.2,140.O,139.4,118.8,79.36,2753,-26.48,-71.75,-100.7,-111.5,-106.9,-92.05,-73.28,-55.70,-42.26,-33.37,-2786,-24.13,-21.33,-19.38,-18.07,-17.20,-16.68,-16.42,-16.25,-16.05,-15.84,-1563,-15.53,-15.52,-15.39,-15.13,-14.94,-14.83,-14.72,-14.59,-14.38,-14.15,-14.00,-13.85,-13.63,-13.32,-13.04,-12.79,-12.51,-12.18,-11.83,-11.50,-11.22,-10.92,-10.55,-10.11,_9·620]3)判斷F(n)的正向過零時(shí)刻tpzOT。和反向過零時(shí)刻tnzeM:觀察F(n)發(fā)現(xiàn)F(113)〈0且F(114)>O,因此判斷tpzero=114;類似,F(xiàn)(23)>O且F(24)〈0則判斷tnzeM=24;4)Ν/8=180/8=22·5,判斷F2(114rF2(136)之間和F2(24)、(46)之間的符號(hào)正負(fù),觀^F2(η)可B=F2(114)F2(119)〈0,F(xiàn)2(120)F2(133)>O,F2(134)F2(136)〈O;F2(24)F2(29)>O,F2(30)F2(43)〈0,F(xiàn)2(44)F2(46)〈O;5)根據(jù)F(n)的凹凸性進(jìn)一步判斷疑似高阻接地故障是否發(fā)生設(shè)定1^=3,F(xiàn)2(114)〈0表明F(114)是凸性,且在[114136]期間內(nèi),有連續(xù)14個(gè)點(diǎn)(120133),使得F(η)是凹性(如圖I所示),大于Ii1,因此判斷發(fā)生了疑似高阻接地故障;6)每O.02秒重復(fù)一次步驟1飛),得到每個(gè)工頻周波是否發(fā)生疑似高阻接地故障的結(jié)果;設(shè)定穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障時(shí)間閾值Tstable為I秒,設(shè)定電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件時(shí)間閾值Tirupt為O.05秒,設(shè)定系統(tǒng)時(shí)間窗Tsystrai為5秒,設(shè)定干擾事件次數(shù)閾值為3次;如果疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間超過I秒,則判斷為穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障;如果疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間小于I秒且超過O.05秒,則判斷為電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件;如果在5秒內(nèi)發(fā)生電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件次數(shù)大于3次,則認(rèn)為是間歇性故障。權(quán)利要求1.一種基于零序電流波形畸變凹凸性的高阻接地故障檢測(cè)方法,其特征在于,包括以下步驟1)對(duì)饋線的零序電流進(jìn)行采樣,獲得一個(gè)工頻周波的采樣值序列f(n),n=l,2,......N,N為整數(shù),取值范圍為6(Γ240,對(duì)采樣值序列進(jìn)行有限沖擊響應(yīng)(FIR)數(shù)字低通濾波,濾波器截止頻率為采樣頻率的1/10到1/2倍;得到濾波后的N個(gè)點(diǎn)的序列值F(η);2)用數(shù)值微分方法求F(n)的二階導(dǎo)數(shù)D2(n),其中D2(η)=F(n+2)+F(n_2)-2F(η);對(duì)得到的二階導(dǎo)數(shù)D2(η)進(jìn)行有限沖擊響應(yīng)(FIR)數(shù)字低通濾波,得到序列值F2(η),n=l,2,......N;3)判斷F(n)的正向過零時(shí)刻tpzOT。和反向過零時(shí)刻。,判斷方法為若F(n-1)〈0且F(η)>O則tpzer。=η;若F(η-1)>O且F(η)〈O則tnzer。=η,η=1,2,......N,且令F(O)=F(N);4)判斷正向過零點(diǎn)之后[tpzOT。,tpzero+N/8]期間內(nèi),以及反向過零點(diǎn)之后[tnZero,tnzero+N/8]期間內(nèi)F(n)的凹凸性,判斷方法為如果F2(η)>0則F(n)定義為凹性,如果F2(η)〈O則F(η)定義為凸性;如果tpz_+N/8或者tnz_+N/8的值大于N,則將F2(η)進(jìn)行周期延拓(即如果tpzeM+N/8大于N,當(dāng)η=N+1^tpzeroWe時(shí),令F2(n)=F2(η_Ν);或者如果tnzero+N/e大于N,當(dāng)η=N+ltnze+N/8時(shí),令F2(n)=F2(η-Ν);5)根據(jù)F(n)的凹凸性進(jìn)一步判斷疑似高阻接地故障是否發(fā)生,方法如下如果F(tpzero)是凸性,且在[tpzOT。,tpzero+N/8]期間內(nèi),有連續(xù)Ii1個(gè)點(diǎn)使得F(η)是凹性;或者如果F(tnzero)是凹性,且在[tnzOT。,tnzero+N/8]期間內(nèi),有連續(xù)Ii1個(gè)點(diǎn)使得F(η)是凸性,則判斷為疑似高阻接地故障發(fā)生;6)每O.02秒重復(fù)一次步驟1飛),得到每個(gè)工頻周波是否發(fā)生疑似高阻接地故障的結(jié)果,根據(jù)疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間及發(fā)生次數(shù),確定故障為穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障、間歇性故障。2.如權(quán)利要求I所述方法,其特征在于A1取值根據(jù)檢測(cè)的靈敏度來設(shè)置,取值區(qū)間在[O.01Ν,O.IN]。3.如權(quán)利要求I所述方法,其特征在于,所述疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間和發(fā)生次數(shù)的判別采用如下方法如果疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間超過穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障時(shí)間閾值Τ—,則判斷為穩(wěn)態(tài)高阻接地故障;如果疑似高阻接地故障持續(xù)時(shí)間小于Tstable且超過電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件時(shí)間閾值Tirapt,則判斷為電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件;如果在系統(tǒng)時(shí)間窗Tsystom內(nèi)發(fā)生電力系統(tǒng)干擾事件次數(shù)大于干擾事件次數(shù)閾值,則認(rèn)為是間歇性故障;其中Tstable取值為f10秒,Tirapt取值為O.05、.I秒,Tsystem取值為510秒,干擾事件次數(shù)閾值為3飛次。全文摘要本發(fā)明涉及一種基于零序電流波形畸變凹凸性的高阻接地故障檢測(cè)方法,屬于電力系統(tǒng)保護(hù)和控制領(lǐng)域;本方法采集變電站被監(jiān)測(cè)饋線的零序電流瞬時(shí)值,檢測(cè)零序電流瞬時(shí)值的過零點(diǎn)時(shí)刻,并計(jì)算該零序電流的二階導(dǎo)數(shù),根據(jù)零序電流過零點(diǎn)時(shí)刻之后固定時(shí)限內(nèi)的零序電流二階導(dǎo)數(shù)的符號(hào)變化,判斷是否疑似高阻接地故障發(fā)生;如果疑似故障發(fā)生,再根據(jù)疑似高阻接地故障的持續(xù)時(shí)間和發(fā)生次數(shù)確定是否高阻接地故障發(fā)生。該方法適用于中性點(diǎn)經(jīng)電阻接地的三相中壓配電系統(tǒng),只利用零序電流信號(hào);與現(xiàn)有的高阻接地故障檢測(cè)方法相比,采集信息量少、靈敏度高,物理意義清晰。文檔編號(hào)G01R31/02GK102928728SQ20121042545公開日2013年2月13日申請(qǐng)日期2012年10月30日優(yōu)先權(quán)日2012年10月30日發(fā)明者王賓,耿建昭,董新洲申請(qǐng)人:清華大學(xué)