本發(fā)明涉及一種具有1,2,4-惡二唑-結構片段的香豆素衍生物及其應用,屬于藥物領域。
背景技術:
阿爾茨海默癥(Alzheimer’s Disease,AD)是一種進行性發(fā)展的致死性神經退行性疾病(Noroozian M.Alzheimer’s disease:prototype of cognitive deterioration,valuable lessons to understand human cognition.Neurol.Clin.,2016,34,69-131),臨床上尚無有效對因治療藥物。在發(fā)達國家,AD已經成為繼心臟病、惡性腫瘤、中風之后老年人死亡的第四位原因。目前,我國約有500萬AD患者,其數目已居世界第一(廖翠紅.阿爾茨海默病人的護理綜述.現(xiàn)代養(yǎng)生,2015,25,215-216)。AD已成為醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)的主要負擔,為社會、患者和家屬帶來了沉痛的精神和經濟壓力,是一場十分嚴重的“公共健康危機”。
AD病因及發(fā)病機制極其復雜,而膽堿能神經元損傷是較早被公認的AD發(fā)病機制。膽堿能學說認為,在AD病理過程中,基底前腦區(qū)的膽堿能神經元丟失以及神經遞質膽堿乙酰轉移酶活性下降,會導致乙酰膽堿的合成、釋放和攝取減少,從而造成學習和記憶力衰退(Armstrong RA.What causes alzheimer’s disease?Folia Neuropathol.,2013,51,169-188)。根據該假說,人們認為乙酰膽堿酯酶(acetylcholinesterase,AChE)抑制劑可增加中樞神經系統(tǒng)的乙酰膽堿含量,有助于改善AD病人的認識和記憶能力。目前,AChE抑制劑是被研究的最多且臨床上最為普遍認同的一線治療AD藥物,如他克林、多奈哌齊、雷司替明和加蘭他敏。然而,這些AchE抑制劑治療效果均不佳,例如他克林需一日服藥4次且具有潛在的嚴重肝毒,其他三種改善AD癥狀藥物只能在病情發(fā)展的特定階段有限的緩解或穩(wěn)定病情且伴有嚴重副作用。因此亟需開發(fā)新型療效好、副作用低的AChE抑制劑。
1,2,4-惡二唑屬于五元雜環(huán)結構,因雜環(huán)分子摻入供電子原子(氧、氮),能夠顯著增加配體和受體間的親和力和選擇性,其衍生物在醫(yī)藥中應用非常廣泛;香豆素是廣泛存在于自然界中的內酯類化合物,具有良好的藥物活性,如抗氧化、抗癌、抗HIV等,目前設計、合成高效低毒的香豆素類衍生物已經成為藥物研發(fā)工作的重要方向之一。
技術實現(xiàn)要素:
本發(fā)明人經過對所在實驗室合成的1,2,4-惡二唑-香豆素衍生物的活性篩選,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一類結構相對簡單、具有乙酰膽堿酯酶抑制活性的通式I所示的新化合物,由此可能對AD具有治療作用,從而在制備抗AD藥物領域具有潛在的用途。迄今為止,未見關于式I所示化合物的結構、制備方法及用途的報道。
本發(fā)明采用以下技術方案:
一種具有1,2,4-惡二唑-結構片段的香豆素衍生物,它具有如下通式I所示的結構:
其中:
A環(huán)為芳香環(huán)時,R1和R2為芳環(huán)上鄰位、間位及對位取代基團,R1和R2分別為氫、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6烷氧基、羥基、巰基、甲巰基、乙?guī)€基、氨基、二甲氨基、二乙氨基、鹵素、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基、硝基、甲磺酸基、腈基、甲氧羰基、甲氧羰乙烯基、嗎啉基、甲基哌嗪基或氨基磺?;?;所述芳香環(huán)為苯基、呋喃、噻唑、吡咯、吡啶基、萘基、吲哚、喹啉、苯并呋喃、苯并吡喃或苯并吡喃酮;
A環(huán)為非芳香環(huán)時,R1和R2同時為氫;所述非芳香環(huán)為環(huán)己烷、吡咯烷、四氫吡喃或環(huán)戊烯基。
作為本發(fā)明的一種優(yōu)選,所述的A為苯基。
上述的具有1,2,4-惡二唑-結構片段的香豆素衍生物的制備方法,它包括以下步驟:
(a)將4-甲基傘形酮(式1)與對氰基芐溴反(式2)應得到式3化合物,其中,催化劑為碳酸鉀、碳酸鈉、碳酸鋰,氫氧化鉀、氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鋰、三乙胺、二異丙基乙胺、二異丙胺、四丁基溴化銨或四丁基氟化銨;反應溶劑為N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、丙酮、二甲基亞砜、1,4-二氧六環(huán)、四氫呋喃、甲醇、乙醇、吡啶及水中至少一種;該反應溫度為0℃~140℃;反應時間為1~12小時;
(b)將式3化合物與鹽酸羥胺反應得到式4化合物,其中,催化劑為三乙胺、二異丙基乙胺、二異丙胺、碳酸鈉、碳酸鉀或吡啶;反應溶劑為N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四氫呋喃、甲醇、乙醇、水及甲苯中至少一種;該反應溫度為0℃~120℃;反應時間為1~12小時;
(c)將式4化合物與式5化合物反應在縮合劑催化作用下得到目標通式I化合物;所用的縮合劑為N,N'-二環(huán)己基碳二亞胺、N,N'-二異丙基碳二亞胺、1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亞胺鹽酸鹽、偶氮二甲酸二乙酯、偶氮二甲酸二異丙酯、1-羥基-7-偶氮苯并三氮唑、1-羥基苯并三氮唑、O-(7-氮苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯和苯并三氮唑-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯中的一種或兩種以上的組合;所用溶劑為甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、異丙醇、乙腈、1,4-二氧六環(huán)、二氯乙烷、N,N-二異丙基乙胺和水中的一種或一種以上;反應溫度為0℃~130℃;反應時間為6~12小時;
所述式5化合物結構式如下:其中:
A環(huán)為芳香環(huán)時,R1和R2為芳環(huán)上鄰位、間位及對位取代基團,R1和R2分別為氫、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6烷氧基、羥基、巰基、甲巰基、乙?guī)€基、氨基、二甲氨基、二乙氨基、鹵素、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基、硝基、甲磺酸基、腈基、甲氧羰基、甲氧羰乙烯基、嗎啉基、甲基哌嗪基或氨基磺?;?;所述芳香環(huán)為苯基、呋喃、噻唑、吡咯、吡啶基、萘基、吲哚、喹啉、苯并呋喃、苯并吡喃或苯并吡喃酮;
A環(huán)為非芳香環(huán)時,R1和R2同時為氫;所述非芳香環(huán)為環(huán)己烷、吡咯烷、四氫吡喃或環(huán)戊烯基。
本發(fā)明提供了上述衍生物在制備治療和/或預防膽堿能功能下降相關疾病的藥物方面的應用。
本發(fā)明還提供了一種上述衍生物在制備抗AD藥物中的應用。
本發(fā)明還提供了一種用于預防和/或治療AD的藥物組合物,由上述通式I所示的衍生物為活性成分或主要活性成分,輔以藥學上可接受的輔料。
本發(fā)明的有益效果:
本發(fā)明所涉及的化合物為首次合成的一類新的具有1,2,4-惡二唑-結構片段的香豆素衍生物,并首次發(fā)現(xiàn)該類化合物具有乙酰膽堿酯酶抑制活性,因而它們在制備抗AD藥物中具有潛在的應用前景。
具體實施方式
下面結合具體實施例對本發(fā)明做進一步的詳細說明。這些實施例僅用于說明本發(fā)明而不用于限制本發(fā)明的范圍。
實施例1:式3化合物的制備
將粉末狀的7-羥基-4-甲基香豆素(式1)880mg溶解到50ml丙酮中,加入828mg碳酸鉀,攪拌0.5h后加入1.5g對氰基溴芐(式2)、83mg碘化鉀和156mg四丁基溴化銨,50℃攪拌5h,TLC檢測反應完全,濃縮反應液。50%乙醇重結晶得到1.426g化合物式3,黃色固體,產率98%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.73(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.57(dd,J=11.6,8.5Hz,3H),6.95(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.88(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.18(s,1H),5.21(s,2H),2.43(s,3H).ESI-MS m/z:292.4[M+H]+.
實施例2:式4化合物的制備
10ml無水乙醇溶解582mg式3化合物,冰浴至0℃,加入751mg三乙胺和308mg鹽酸羥胺,攪拌0.5h后,加熱回流(80℃)過夜。乙酸乙酯萃取(25ml*3),將合并的有機層用飽和氯化鈉溶液洗滌3次,用無水硫酸鈉干燥并減壓濃縮。殘余物通過硅膠色譜純化得到395mg式4化合物,黃色固體,產率85%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.88(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.69(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.58–7.47(m,3H),6.99–6.93(m,1H),6.90(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),6.17(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),5.28–5.15(m,2H),4.89(s,2H),2.43(s,3H).ESI-MS m/z:325.2[M+H]+.
實施例3:通式I化合物的制備
5ml二氯甲烷溶解0.5mmol式5化合物,加入0.55mmol N,N-二異丙基乙胺和0.55mmol2-(7-偶氮苯并三氮唑)-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU),室溫攪拌3h,TLC檢測反應完全。向上述反應液中加入溶解于二氯甲烷中的0.5mmol式4化合物,室溫攪拌三小時,TLC檢測反應完全,濃縮反應液。乙酸乙酯萃取(15ml*3),將合并的有機層用飽和氯化鈉溶液洗滌3次用無水硫酸鈉干燥并減壓濃縮得到殘渣。10ml乙醇溶解上述殘渣,加入4mmol無水乙酸鈉,加熱回流(80℃)過夜,TLC檢測反應完全,減壓濃縮反應液,硅膠色譜分離純化得到相應的通式I化合物?;衔锞幪枴⒕唧w結構式以及原料如下表1所示。
表1化合物編號、具體結構式、所用原料以及活性結果
化合物I-1,白色固體(63mg,61.4%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.22(dt,J=22.0,11.2Hz,4H),7.62(dd,J=8.3,6.4Hz,1H),7.57(dd,J=17.3,7.8Hz,4H),7.52(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.96(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.15(s,1H),5.21(s,2H),2.40(s,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ175.83,168.58,161.42,161.21,155.22,152.47,139.04,132.83,129.14,128.19,127.93,127.74,126.98,125.68,124.23,113.98,112.87,112.25,102.00,69.94,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:4112[M+H]+.
化合物I-2,白色固體(70mg,64.5%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.39–8.33(m,1H),8.20(dd,J=9.9,8.4Hz,3H),7.92–7.86(m,2H),7.76(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.60(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.53(dt,J=8.8,5.1Hz,2H),7.46(dd,J=6.3,3.0Hz,1H),6.16(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.25–5.18(m,2H),2.41(dd,J=2.8,1.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ174.04,168.96,168.52,161.38,155.20,152.58,139.49,132.93,132.22,130.49,128.68,127.97,127.88,127.81,127.42,126.08,118.08,116.42,112.93,112.26,101.97,69.87,18.71.ESI-MS m/z:435.3[M+H]+.
化合物I-3,白色固體(75mg,70%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.29–8.17(m,3H),7.59(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.53(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.16(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.09(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),6.96(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),6.91(s,1H),6.73(d,J=9.1Hz,1H),6.16(s,1H),5.22(s,2H),2.41(s,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ174.91,168.57,161.41,161.20,155.26,152.47,148.95,148.29,139.13,130.68,130.62,127.75,125.68,120.34,116.61,114.68,112.88,112.26,101.99,69.92,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:429.1[M+H]+.
化合物I-4,白色固體(54mg,52.6%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.90(dd,J=4.5,1.5Hz,2H),8.22(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),8.07(dd,J=4.5,1.5Hz,2H),7.61(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.55(t,J=16.4Hz,1H),6.97(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.16(s,1H),5.23(s,2H),2.41(s,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ173.91,169.00,161.39,161.24,155.21,152.56,151.08 139.52,131.12,127.98,127.82,126.33,125.73,121.38,114.02,112.91,112.24,101.97,69.86,18.71.ESI-MS m/z:412.1[M+H]+.
化合物I-5,白色固體(66mg,52.3%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.21(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),8.03(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.60(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.54(dd,J=16.4,7.3Hz,2H),7.32(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),6.97(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.92(s,1H),6.16(s,1H),5.22(s,2H),2.41(s,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ168.74,163.66,162.18,161.42,161.20,156.54,155.26,153.52,152.47,139.24,131.04,127.95,127.77,125.69,124.54,120.08,119.89,115.29,112.88,112.27,101.99,69.91,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:429.3[M+H]+.
化合物I-6,白色固體(85mg,65.4%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.20(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),8.12–8.06(m,2H),7.74–7.69(m,2H),7.59(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.53(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.96(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.16(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.22(s,2H),2.41(d,J=1.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ175.03,168.70,161.42,161.25,155.21,152.54,139.21,132.54,129.58,127.94,127.76,126.74,125.70,123.11,120.34,114.00,112.90,112.24,101.99,69.91,18.71.ESI-MS m/z:491.2[M+H]+.
化合物I-7,白色固體(85mg,79.4%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.26–8.20(m,3H),7.62(ddd,J=8.5,4.2,2.0Hz,1H),7.59(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.52(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.38–7.33(m,1H),7.33–7.28(m,1H),6.96(dt,J=6.7,3.3Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.15(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.20(d,J=13.5Hz,2H),2.41(d,J=1.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ172.84,168.35,161.65,161.42,161.21,159.92,155.22,152.47,139.14,134.67,130.94(s),127.99,127.75,126.76,125.68,124.73,117.27,117.13,113.99,112.86,112.25,102.00,69.92,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:429.1[M+H]+.
化合物I-8,白色固體(83mg,78.3%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.22(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),8.05(s,1H),8.02(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.58(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.54–7.50(m,1H),7.47–7.41(m,2H),6.96(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.15(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.21(s,2H),2.48(s,3H),2.40(d,J=1.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ176.02,168.53,161.42,161.20,155.21,152.46,139.07,139.00,133.65,129.04,128.68,127.92,127.73,127.02,125.67,125.33,124.09,113.98,112.86,112.24,101.99,69.94,21.35,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:425.4[M+H]+.
化合物I-9,白色固體(100mg,94.3%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.26–8.21(m,2H),8.17(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.59(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.52(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.51–7.47(m,1H),7.37(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.96(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.92(t,J=4.1Hz,1H),6.15(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.22(s,2H),2.79(s,3H),2.40(d,J=1.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ176.46,168.20,161.43,161.22,155.22,152.48,139.18,138.98,132.28,131.94,130.22,127.93,127.74,127.13,126.31,125.67,123.38,113.98,112.88,112.25,102.01,69.95,22.00,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:425.4[M+H]+.
化合物I-10,白色固體(32mg,30.1%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.21(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),8.11(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.58(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.54–7.51(m,1H),7.36(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.96(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.92(t,J=3.9Hz,1H),6.15(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.20(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.46(s,3H),2.40(d,J=1.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ175.97,168.49,161.44,161.22,155.22,152.47,143.61,138.95,129.84,128.16,127.92,127.72,127.09,125.67,121.50,113.98,112.87,112.24,102.00,69.86,21.79,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:425.4[M+H]+.
化合物I-11,白色固體(76mg,73.1%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.10(dd,J=18.5,8.2Hz,2H),7.53(dd,J=17.2,8.5Hz,2H),7.51(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.95(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.90(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),6.15(s,1H),5.18(d,J=9.1Hz,2H),3.09–2.97(m,1H),2.40(s,3H),2.36–2.28(m,2H),1.38–1.19(m,8H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ183.15,167.72,161.43,161.24,155.20,152.49,138.81,127.82,127.68,127.11,125.66,113.97,112.88,112.23,101.99,69.94,36.42,30.28,25.77,25.41,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:417.3[M+H]+.
化合物I-12,白色固體(63mg,56.7%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.20(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),8.17(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.59(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.54(dd,J=14.2,8.8Hz,3H),6.96(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.91(s,1H),6.16(s,1H),5.22(s,2H),2.41(s,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ174.93,168.68,161.40,161.20,155.22,152.47,139.30,139.19,129.57,129.48,127.94,127.76,126.77,125.68,122.68,114.00,112.88,112.27,101.99,69.91,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:445.1[M+H]+.
化合物I-13,白色固體(18mg,15.6%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.45–8.36(m,3H),8.14–8.06(m,1H),7.94(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.91–7.83(m,2H),7.82–7.76(m,1H),7.71(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.68–7.64(m,1H),7.62(t,J=7.1Hz,1H),7.53(ddd,J=13.2,10.6,6.2Hz,2H),6.23–6.08(m,1H),5.23(s,2H),2.45–2.35(m,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ174.64,168.99,161.43,161.20,155.24,152.46,148.13,,139.27,137.77,130.82,130.63,130.21,128.89,128.56,128.15,127.75,127.53(s),125.69(s),121.05,120.47,,112.87,112.27,102.00,69.93,18.71.ESI-MS m/z:462.2[M+H]+.
化合物I-14,白色固體(56mg,50.1%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.96(dd,J=7.7,1.8Hz,1H),7.82(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.53–7.50(m,4H),7.10–7.02(m,2H),6.94(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.87(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.15(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.19(s,2H),3.97(s,3H),2.41(d,J=1.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ164.48,161.37,158.97,154.88,152.31,139.42,133.76(s),132.46,131.02,127.95,127.56,127.29,125.71,120.80,120.34,119.38,114.01,112.91(s),112.20,112.04,102.06,69.81,53.51,18.71.ESI-MS m/z:441.3[M+H]+.
化合物I-15,黃色固體(57mg,50.1%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.43(s,3H),8.22(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.61(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.53(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.16(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.97(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.16(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.30(s,2H),2.41(d,J=1.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ173.78,169.06,161.36,161.20,155.23,152.45,150.25,139.55,129.49,129.27,128.00,127.83,126.32,125.71,124.42,114.04,112.89,112.30,101.97,69.86,18.71.ESI-MS m/z:456.2[M+H]+.
化合物I-16,黃色固體(57mg,44.0%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.18(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),8.07–8.01(m,2H),7.85–7.77(m,1H),7.59(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.53(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.96(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.15(d,J=1.0Hz,1H),5.22(s,2H),2.41(d,J=1.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ172.53,168.64,165.77,161.38,161.21,155.22,152.47,139.43,133.08,132.92,131.38,128.04,127.77,126.27,125.69,124.68,119.08,114.01,112.85,112.27,102.03,69.87,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:456.2[M+H]+.
化合物I-17,黃色固體(72mg,63.3%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.13–9.07(m,1H),8.59–8.53(m,1H),8.49(ddd,J=8.2,2.2,1.0Hz,1H),8.23(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.80(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.61(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.53(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.97(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.92(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.16(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.23(s,2H),2.41(d,J=1.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ173.71,168.95,161.37,161.19,155.23,152.46,148.74,139.51,133.57,130.52,128.01,127.83,127.14,126.36,125.83,125.70,123.26,,114.05,112.89,112.29,101.98,69.87,18.71.ESI-MS m/z:456.2[M+H]+.
化合物I-18,白色固體(56mg,55.8%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.12(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.55(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.52(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.95(dt,J=6.0,3.0Hz,1H),6.90(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.15(d,J=1.1Hz,2H),5.19(s,2H),3.83(dd,J=8.6,0.8Hz,1H),2.60–2.46(m,3H),2.40(d,J=1.1Hz,3H),2.31(dd,J=19.4,10.4Hz,1H),2.21–2.13(m,1H),2.12–2.05(m,1H),2.02–1.88(m,1H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ182.25,167.89,161.44,161.21,155.21,152.47,138.85,127.82,127.70,127.07,125.66,113.97,112.88,112.24,101.99,69.94,31.52,27.25,25.32,18.87,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:404.1[M+H]+.
化合物I-19,白色固體(52mg,47.2%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.26–8.19(m,2H),7.86–7.79(m,1H),7.73(dt,J=7.8,3.9Hz,1H),7.59(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.53(dd,J=8.2,4.8Hz,1H),7.49–7.45(m,1H),7.16(ddd,J=8.3,2.6,0.8Hz,1H),6.96(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.92(t,J=4.2Hz,1H),6.15(dd,J=4.6,1.2Hz,1H),5.21(s,2H),3.93(s,3H),2.40(dd,J=4.1,1.2Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ175.77,168.59,161.43,161.24,159.98,155.21,152.50,139.05,130.29,127.94,127.87,126.95,125.69,125.29(s),120.63,119.37,113.99,112.88,112.63,112.24,102.00,69.99,55.59,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:441.3[M+H]+.
化合物I-20,白色固體(81mg,80.4%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.85(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.66(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.56–7.51(m,2H),7.48(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.97–6.92(m,1H),6.90–6.84(m,1H),6.15(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),5.20(s,1H),4.24–4.16(m,1H),3.42(dd,J=14.6,7.3Hz,1H),2.41(s,3H),2.32(ddt,J=14.9,11.2,7.9Hz,1H),2.12–1.88(m,6H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ169.93 9,166.43(s),161.379,155.14,152.78,140.15,137.91,133.06,127.86,127.63,127.39,126.24,125.78,125.71,112.98,112.12,101.96,69.69,60.55,40.29,29.71,23.35,18.71.ESI-MS m/z:404.1[M+H]+.
化合物I-21,黃色固體(52mg,47.1%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.21(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),8.11(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.58(t,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.54–7.49(m,3H),7.37(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),6.15(d,J=3.0Hz,1H),5.21(s,2H),2.41(s,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ175.59,168.53,161.46,161.22,155.28,152.47,145.64,139.00,128.36,127.92,127.73,127.60,127.51,127.02,125.67,125.61,120.26,113.99,112.87,112.25,102.00,69.92,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:443.5[M+H]+.
化合物I-22,黃色固體(60mg,49.2%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.48–8.42(m,2H),8.25–8.21(m,2H),8.18–8.14(m,2H),7.61(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.53(dd,J=9.5,4.3Hz,1H),6.97(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.16(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.23(s,2H),3.14(s,3H),2.41(d,J=1.2Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ174.03,168.98,161.36,161.18,155.22,152.46,144.13,139.50,129.11,128.85,128.31,127.98,127.81,126.38,125.71,114.03,112.89,112.29,101.97,69.86,44.39,18.71.ESI-MS m/z:489.4[M+H]+.
化合物I-23,黃色固體(94mg,78.3%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.03(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.93(t,J=5.9Hz,2H),7.51(d,J=8.6Hz,3H),6.94(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.90(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.62(dd,J=14.1,5.6Hz,2H),6.15(d,J=1.0Hz,1H),5.17(s,2H),3.46–3.36(m,4H),2.40(d,J=1.0Hz,3H),1.23–1.13(m,6H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ171.83,171.51,168.33,161.49,161.25,155.20,152.49,151.49,,132.29,127.95,127.60,127.51,125.63,114.99,113.92,112.87,112.19,110.15,102.01,70.03,41.97,18.69,12.48.ESI-MS m/z:482.3[M+H]+.
化合物I-24,白色固體(90mg,86.1%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.12(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.55(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.52(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.95(dd,J=8.3,2.0Hz,1H),6.90(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.15(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.20(s,2H),3.65–3.54(m,2H),3.50–3.39(m,2H),3.32–3.24(m,1H),2.40(d,J=1.1Hz,3H),2.15–2.00(m,4H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ181.41,167.90,161.39,161.21,155.20,152.47,139.03,127.84,127.71,126.84,125.67,113.98,112.88,112.25,101.98,69.91,66.89,33.61,29.75,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:419.2[M+H]+.
化合物I-25,白色固體(81mg,81.1%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.19–8.07(m,2H),7.59–7.49(m,3H),6.95(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),6.90(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.15(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.82–5.76(m,2H),5.19(s,2H),3.79(tt,J=9.3,6.9Hz,1H),3.05–2.81(m,4H),2.40(d,J=1.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ183.22,167.85,161.42,161.21,155.21,152.46,138.88,129.01,127.83,127.68,127.00,125.66,113.97,112.87,112.24,101.98,69.93,37.80,34.89,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:401.3[M+H]+.
化合物I-26,白色固體(52mg,52.1%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.21(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.74(d,J=1.3Hz,1H),7.57(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.53(t,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.39(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),6.96(dt,J=5.2,2.6Hz,1H),6.90(dd,J=7.4,2.4Hz,1H),6.67(dd,J=3.5,1.7Hz,1H),6.15(d,J=0.8Hz,1H),5.20(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),2.40(t,J=1.6Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ168.32,167.68,161.41,161.20,155.22,152.47,146.81,140.09,139.25,128.02,127.73,126.48,125.68,116.76,114.00,112.86,112.58,112.26,101.98,69.97,18.70.ESI-MS m/z:401.1[M+H]+.
實施例4:乙酰膽堿酯酶抑制活性
試劑:乙酰膽堿酯酶、作為底物的碘化硫代乙酰膽堿(ATCH)和作為顯色劑的5,5-二硫雙(2-硝基苯甲酸)(DTNB)均購自Sigma。
AChE抑制活性測定按照Ellan等報道的方法進行(Ellman,G.L.et al.Biochem.Pharmacol.1961,7,88.)。96孔板每孔加入20μL的磷酸緩沖液,然后將100μL的待測化合物溶液或空白對照加入到對應的空中,隨后加入50μL的AChE,置于37℃搖床孵育5min。加入100μL的DTNB溶液,再置于37℃搖床孵育5min,加入10μL的底物ATCH置于37℃搖床孵育3min后,酶標儀測定415nm處的吸光度,計算待測化合物對AChE的抑制率,數據如表1所示。
從表1的結果可知,上述合成的式1-26化合物在濃度為100μM時對AChE均表現(xiàn)出抑制活性。其中,式I-10化合物的活性最強,它的AchE抑制率為94.8±1.7%。初步構效關系研究表明,A環(huán)為芳香環(huán)的衍生物的活性要明顯優(yōu)于A環(huán)為非芳香環(huán)的衍生物,且苯環(huán)上的給電子對位取代基能夠使化合物的AchE抑制活性增強。初步研究結果表明,該類化合物作為一類新的乙酰膽堿抑制劑,可為新型抗AD藥物的研制提供新穎的分子結構骨架。
因而,本發(fā)明所制備的一類具有AchE抑制活性的1,2,4-惡二唑-香豆素衍生物化合物在制備抗AD藥物中具有廣闊的應用前景。本發(fā)明所述的一系列化合物作為活性成分再添加常規(guī)藥劑學輔料制備出抗AD藥物,可制備成常規(guī)藥劑學上的片劑、顆粒劑、膠囊劑、口服液等任一種劑型。
以上以具體的實施例來舉例說明本發(fā)明化合物的制備步驟、鑒定過程和藥理實驗過程,但對本領域的技術人員來說可以對此作出多種修改和變化,在不背離本發(fā)明的精神和范圍的情況下,所附的權利要求書覆蓋本發(fā)明范圍內的所有這些修改。