本發(fā)明涉及有機(jī)化學(xué)合成領(lǐng)域,具體涉及一種含噻唑環(huán)5,6-二取代吡啶-2-酮化合物及其制備方法。
背景技術(shù):
吡啶酮衍生物是存在于自然界的一類重要雜環(huán)化合物,吡啶酮環(huán)廣泛存在于天然生物堿和具有各種生物活性的合成化合物分子中。越來(lái)越多的研究表明吡啶酮類化合物具有消炎、鎮(zhèn)痛、抗腫瘤和治療帕金森氏癥等藥理活性。如3-羥基-4(1h)-吡啶酮由于它具有很強(qiáng)的配位能力,其衍生物1,2-二甲基-3-羥基-4(1h)-吡啶酮(deferiprone,去鐵酮)臨床上用于治療地中海貧血患者由于輸血導(dǎo)致鐵超負(fù)荷癥;4-羥基-2(1h)-吡啶酮類化合物是從植物和動(dòng)物等內(nèi)生菌的發(fā)酵液中分離提取得到的一類新型天然生物堿[如tenellin,funiculosin和冬青生菌素h(ilicicolinh)等],同時(shí)也是一類重要的藥物及其合成中間體,如抗真菌藥環(huán)吡酮胺(ciclopirox)、抗腫瘤藥吉莫斯特(gimeracil)等,都含有4-羥基-2(1h)-吡啶酮的結(jié)構(gòu)母核。因此開(kāi)發(fā)簡(jiǎn)捷、高效合成吡啶酮衍生物的方法顯得尤為重要。
技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)要素:
本發(fā)明的目的在于提供一種含噻唑環(huán)5,6-二取代吡啶-2-酮化合物及其制備方法。
本發(fā)明采用的技術(shù)方案:一種含噻唑環(huán)5,6-二取代吡啶-2-酮化合物,其化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)式如式(i)所示:
式(i)中,取代基r是h、c1-6的烷基、f、cl、br、i、烷氧基、羥基、腈基、硝基、羧基或磺酸基。
一種含噻唑環(huán)5,6-二取代吡啶-2-酮化合物的制備方法,包括如下步驟:
(1)中間產(chǎn)物1的制備
將2,3-二羥基吡啶溶于無(wú)水甲醇中,加入磷酸鹽緩沖溶液,碘酸鈉以及芳香胺于容器中,室溫下攪拌,tlc跟蹤反應(yīng)進(jìn)程,待反應(yīng)結(jié)束后加入大量的蒸餾水,靜置過(guò)夜后,過(guò)濾得磚紅色沉淀;將沉淀干燥,經(jīng)柱層析得中間產(chǎn)物1;
(2)中間產(chǎn)物2的制備:
取中間產(chǎn)物1、硫代氨基脲分別依次溶于無(wú)水乙醇中,室溫下攪拌均勻,逐滴滴加濃硫酸,然后于65℃條件下反應(yīng),tlc跟蹤反應(yīng)進(jìn)程,待反應(yīng)完全后;趁熱將反應(yīng)液倒入容器中,加入蒸餾水,靜置,過(guò)濾得橘黃色沉淀(中間產(chǎn)物2);此中間產(chǎn)物2不需進(jìn)一步純化直接用于下一步合成;
(3)目標(biāo)化合物的制備
將中間產(chǎn)物2、2-溴苯乙酮和酸催化劑溶于無(wú)水乙醇中,所述中間產(chǎn)物2、2-溴苯乙酮和酸催化劑的物質(zhì)的量之比為1∶2∶0.1,60-80℃下攪拌,tlc跟蹤反應(yīng)進(jìn)程,待反應(yīng)完全,停止反應(yīng),將反應(yīng)物冷卻至室溫,減壓旋蒸除去溶劑,殘留物進(jìn)行柱層析,得到(i)式所示的目標(biāo)化合物含噻唑環(huán)5,6-二取代吡啶-2-酮化合物。
以上各化合物均以反應(yīng)式中各化合物下面序號(hào)加以區(qū)分,其中,r是h、c1-6的烷基、f、cl、br、i、烷氧基、羥基、腈基、硝基、羧基或磺酸基。
作為優(yōu)選,步驟(3)中,所述的酸催化劑為冰乙酸。
作為優(yōu)選,步驟(3)中,反應(yīng)溫度為65℃。
本發(fā)明采用氧化-邁克加成一鍋法高效地合成了中間產(chǎn)物1,然后將中間產(chǎn)物1與氨基硫脲縮合得到中間產(chǎn)物2,此中間產(chǎn)物2不需進(jìn)一步純化可直接用于下一步目標(biāo)化合物的合成,該合成方法簡(jiǎn)潔、快速,符合原子經(jīng)濟(jì)性,且目標(biāo)化合物收率高,為進(jìn)一步研究式i化合物或相關(guān)化合物提供了必要基礎(chǔ)。
具體實(shí)施方式
以下通過(guò)具體實(shí)施例對(duì)本發(fā)明做進(jìn)一步地詳細(xì)說(shuō)明,但不應(yīng)將此理解為本發(fā)明上述主題的范圍僅限于以下的實(shí)施例。凡基于本發(fā)明上述內(nèi)容所實(shí)現(xiàn)的技術(shù)均屬于本發(fā)明的范圍。
本發(fā)明所用儀器與試劑:
核磁共振儀:brukerav-ii500mhznmr,tms為內(nèi)標(biāo),cdcl3為溶劑;紅外光譜儀:
tfs-40型,kbr壓片;熔點(diǎn)儀:xt-4型熔點(diǎn)測(cè)定儀。
所用試劑均為市售化學(xué)純或分析純。
本發(fā)明化合物制備途徑如下:
3a:r=m-cl;3b:r=o-cl;3c:r=p-cl;3d:r=p-ch3;3e:r=m-ch3;3f:r=p-och3;
3g:r=o-och3;3h:r=h;3i:r=m-br;3j:r=o-ch3;3k:r=p-br;3l:r=m-och3
(1)中間體化合物1a-1l的合成:
將10mmol2,3-二羥基吡啶溶于20ml的無(wú)水甲醇中,加入30ml的磷酸鹽緩沖溶液,15mmol氧化劑碘酸鈉以及20mmol芳香胺于150ml的錐形瓶中,室溫下攪拌,tlc跟蹤反應(yīng)進(jìn)程,待反應(yīng)結(jié)束后加入大量的蒸餾水,靜置過(guò)夜后,過(guò)濾得磚紅色沉淀。將沉淀干燥,經(jīng)柱層析得中間產(chǎn)物1a-1l。
(2)中間體化合物2a-2l的制備:
取4mmol的中間產(chǎn)物1,5mmol硫代氨基脲分別依次溶于10ml的無(wú)水乙醇中,室溫下攪拌均勻,逐滴滴加濃硫酸(0.15ml),然后將反應(yīng)移入油浴鍋中,反應(yīng)溫度設(shè)為65℃,tlc跟蹤反應(yīng)進(jìn)程,待反應(yīng)完全后。趁熱將反應(yīng)液倒入250ml錐形瓶中,加入200ml的蒸餾水,靜置3~4個(gè)小時(shí),過(guò)濾得中間產(chǎn)物2a-2l。
(3)目標(biāo)化合物3的制備:
將中間產(chǎn)物2、2-溴丙酮和酸催化劑溶于無(wú)水乙醇中,所述中間產(chǎn)物2、2-溴丙酮和酸催化劑的物質(zhì)的量之比為1∶2∶0.1,60-80℃下攪拌,tlc跟蹤反應(yīng)進(jìn)程,待反應(yīng)完全,停止反應(yīng),將反應(yīng)物冷卻至室溫,減壓旋蒸除去溶劑,殘留物進(jìn)行柱層析,得到(i)式所示的目標(biāo)化合物3,即含噻唑環(huán)5,6-二取代吡啶-2-酮化合物。
3a,5,6-二間氯苯胺基-3-(4-苯基噻唑-2-基)亞聯(lián)氨基吡啶-2-酮,黃色固體,產(chǎn)率68%,1hnmr(500mhz,cdcl3)δ13.56(s,1h),8.07(s,1h),7.82(d,j=7.3hz,2h),7.42–7.36(m,3h),7.34–7.30(m,2h),7.27(s,1h),7.23(s,1h),7.20–7.18(m,1h),7.15–7.12(m,1h),7.07(d,j=8.0hz,1h),7.02(s,1h),6.96(s,1h),6.83(d,j=7.8hz,1h),6.74(s,1h);13cnmr(125mhz,cdcl3)δ166.42,158.84,152.53,146.72,142.49,141.06,135.89,135.26,134.39,131.32,130.83,130.64,128.72,128.07,128.01,126.01,125.41,123.35,121.14,120.59,118.99,118.65,105.98,105.77;esimsm/z:533(m+h)+.
3b,5,6-二鄰氯苯胺基-3-(4-苯基噻唑-2-基)亞聯(lián)氨基吡啶-2-酮,黃色固體,產(chǎn)率72%,1hnmr(500mhz,cdcl3)δ13.57(s,1h),7.94(s,1h),7.84–7.81(m,2h),7.75(s,1h),7.56–7.54(m,1h),7.52–7.50(m,1h),7.48–7.46(m,1h),7.42–7.39(m,2h),7.38–7.35(m,1h),7.35–7.31(m,2h),7.18–7.14(m,1h),7.06–7.03(m,1h),7.02–6.99(m,2h),6.76(s,1h);13cnmr(125mhz,cdcl3)δ166.48,158.86,152.49,142.62,142.55,136.77,134.37,130.84,130.79,130.29,128.73,128.25,128.20,128.08,127.71,126.27,126.03,125.96,125.76,123.70,122.07,120.75,105.88,105.71;esimsm/z:533(m+h)+.
3c,5,6-二對(duì)氯苯胺基-3-(4-苯基噻唑-2-基)亞聯(lián)氨基吡啶-2-酮,棕黑色固體,產(chǎn)率57%,1hnmr(500mhz,cdcl3)δ13.54(s,1h),8.16(s,1h),7.80(d,j=7.4hz,2h),7.40(d,j=8.3hz,3h),7.38–7.33(m,3h),7.32–7.28(m,1h),7.23(s,1h),7.18(d,j=8.5hz,2h),7.00(s,1h),6.88(d,j=8.3hz,2h),6.65(s,1h);13cnmr(125mhz,cdcl3)δ166.52,158.94,152.47,143.96,142.39,138.29,134.40,131.42,130.70,130.32,129.68,128.71,128.44,128.21,128.05,125.99,122.24,105.83,104.81,29.71;esimsm/z:533(m+h)+.
3d,5,6-二對(duì)甲苯胺基-3-(4-苯基噻唑-2-基)亞聯(lián)氨基吡啶-2-酮,棕黑色固體,產(chǎn)率53%,1hnmr(500mhz,cdcl3)δ13.51(s,1h),8.09(s,1h),7.82(d,j=7.5hz,2h),7.41–7.38(m,2h),7.32–7.29(m,1h),7.25(s,1h),7.23(d,j=4.6hz,3h),7.21(s,1h),7.17(d,j=8.2hz,2h),6.98(s,1h),6.85(d,j=8.0hz,2h),6.62(s,1h),2.38(d,j=3.8hz,6h);13cnmr(125mhz,cdcl3)δ166.83,159.10,152.37,142.83,142.04,137.04,134.90,134.55,133.39,132.58,130.78,130.12,128.93,128.65,127.93,125.99,121.70,120.59,105.40,103.22,29.70,20.93,20.90;esimsm/z:493(m+h)+.
3e,5,6-二間甲苯胺基-3-(4-苯基噻唑-2-基)亞聯(lián)氨基吡啶-2-酮,紫色固體,產(chǎn)率52%,1hnmr(500mhz,cdcl3)δ13.55(s,1h),8.05(s,1h),7.82(d,j=7.5hz,2h),7.42–7.38(m,2h),7.33(d,j=7.9hz,1h),7.32–7.28(m,3h),7.10(d,j=7.9hz,1h),7.06(s,1h),7.03(d,j=7.5hz,1h),6.99(s,1h),6.94(d,j=7.4hz,1h),6.74(d,j=12.0hz,2h),6.70(s,1h),2.39(d,j=3.4hz,6h);13cnmr(125mhz,cdcl3)δ166.78,159.09,152.41,145.48,141.98,140.29,139.68,139.58,134.52,132.07,130.06,129.37,128.84,128.67,127.96,126.05,125.99,124.38,121.93,121.22,118.14,117.62,105.49,103.91,21.55,21.49;esimsm/z:493(m+h)+.
3f,5,6-二對(duì)甲氧苯胺基-3-(4-苯基噻唑-2-基)亞聯(lián)氨基吡啶-2-酮,紫色固體,產(chǎn)率67%,1hnmr(500mhz,cdcl3)δ13.50(s,1h),8.14(s,1h),7.81(d,j=7.4hz,2h),7.41–7.38(m,2h),7.32–7.28(m,1h),7.21(d,j=8.8hz,2h),7.11(s,1h),6.99(s,1h),6.98–6.96(m,3h),6.95(s,1h),6.90(d,j=8.7hz,2h),6.44(s,1h),3.84(d,j=1.3hz,6h);13cnmr(125mhz,cdcl3)δ166.90,159.19,157.22,156.51,152.37,142.03,138.36,134.58,133.66,132.48,129.10,128.67,127.94,126.00,124.30,121.96,115.54,114.87,105.33,102.47,55.61,55.58,26.93;esimsm/z:525(m+h)+.
3g,5,6-二鄰甲氧苯胺基-3-(4-苯基噻唑-2-基)亞聯(lián)氨基吡啶-2-酮,紫色固體,產(chǎn)率61%,1hnmr(500mhz,cdcl3)δ13.56(s,1h),8.09(s,1h),7.82(d,j=7.6hz,2h),7.42–7.38(m,2h),7.36(d,j=8.0hz,1h),7.33(d,j=2.8hz,1h),7.31–7.29(m,2h),6.99(s,1h),6.87(d,j=7.5hz,1h),6.80(s,1h),6.76(d,j=5.6hz,2h),6.67(d,j=8.1hz,1h),6.54–6.49(m,2h),3.85(s,3h),3.84(s,3h);13cnmr(125mhz,cdcl3)δ166.74,161.19,160.71,159.02,152.42,146.81,142.22,141.05,134.51,131.62,131.12,130.35,128.68,127.98,126.02,113.31,112.69,110.89,108.63,106.96,106.64,105.64,104.85,55.40,29.72;esimsm/z:525(m+h)+.
3h,5,6-二苯胺基-3-(4-苯基噻唑-2-基)亞聯(lián)氨基吡啶-2-酮,棕黑色固體,產(chǎn)率57%,1hnmr(500mhz,cdcl3)δ13.54(s,1h),8.06(s,1h),7.83(d,j=1.3hz,1h),7.81(s,1h),7.48–7.42(m,3h),7.41(s,1h),7.39(d,j=8.1hz,2h),7.34–7.29(m,2h),7.28(s,1h),7.27(s,1h),7.24–7.20(m,1h),7.14–7.11(m,1h),6.99(s,1h),6.96(d,j=7.4hz,2h),6.74(s,1h);13cnmr(125mhz,cdcl3)δ166.76,159.06,145.49,142.08,139.77,134.50,131.92,130.27,129.63,128.96,128.89,128.70,128.00,126.02,125.29,123.49,121.12,120.76,105.59,104.12;esimsm/z:465(m+h)+.
3i,5,6-二間溴苯胺基-3-(4-苯基噻唑-2-基)亞聯(lián)氨基吡啶-2-酮,紫色固體,產(chǎn)率62%,1hnmr(500mhz,cdcl3)δ13.61(s,1h),8.04–7.98(m,1h),7.84–7.81(m,2h),7.42–7.39(m,3h),7.37–7.35(m,1h),7.33–7.30(m,2h),7.26(d,j=1.6hz,2h),7.24–7.22(m,1h),7.21–7.19(m,1h),7.14–7.12(m,1h),7.02(s,1h),6.88(d,j=7.6hz,1h),6.74(s,1h);13cnmr(125mhz,cdcl3)δ190.29,165.53,157.79,145.78,140.13,132.95,130.50,129.87,127.92,127.85,127.71,127.30,127.14,125.34,125.00,122.91,122.84,122.59,122.23,118.42,118.15,104.85,29.89,28.68;esimsm/z:620(m+h)+.
3j,5,6-二鄰甲苯胺基-3-(4-苯基噻唑-2-基)亞聯(lián)氨基吡啶-2-酮,紅色固體,產(chǎn)率71%,1hnmr(500mhz,cdcl3)δ13.50(s,1h),7.98(s,1h),7.81–7.79(m,2h),7.40–7.36(m,3h),7.31(d,j=5.4hz,2h),7.30–7.27(m,3h),7.19(s,1h),7.14–7.12(m,1h),7.12–7.09(m,1h),6.96(s,1h),6.84(d,j=7.4hz,1h),6.39(s,1h),2.32(s,3h),2.18(s,3h);13cnmr(125mhz,cdcl3)δ166.84,159.20,152.39,143.99,141.58,137.96,134.54,132.75,131.56,131.52,131.28,129.70,128.96,128.68,127.97,127.44,127.02,126.02,125.36,124.62,122.86,119.69,105.46,103.26,17.86,17.84;esimsm/z:493(m+h)+.
3k,5,6-二對(duì)溴苯胺基-3-(4-苯基噻唑-2-基)亞聯(lián)氨基吡啶-2-酮,紫色固體,產(chǎn)率50%,1hnmr(500mhz,cdcl3)δ13.58(s,1h),8.03–7.98(m,1h),7.81(d,j=7.3hz,2h),7.56(d,j=8.5hz,2h),7.51(d,j=8.6hz,2h),7.42–7.39(m,2h),7.32(d,j=7.3hz,1h),7.24(s,1h),7.14(d,j=8.7hz,2h),7.01(s,1h),6.84(d,j=8.4hz,2h),6.69(s,1h);13cnmr(125mhz,cdcl3)δ166.53,158.83,138.79,133.32,132.63,128.95,128.88,128.72,128.09,126.01,122.59,122.53,118.47,115.94,105.84,105.01,31.93,29.70,22.70,14.13;esimsm/z:620(m+h)+.
3l,5,6-二間甲氧苯胺基-3-(4-苯基噻唑-2-基)亞聯(lián)氨基吡啶-2-酮,棕紅色固體,產(chǎn)率55%,1hnmr(500mhz,cdcl3)δ13.57(s,1h),8.10(s,1h),7.82(d,j=7.4hz,2h),7.41–7.38(m,2h),7.35(d,j=8.0hz,1h),7.33–7.32(m,1h),7.31–7.29(m,2h),6.99(s,1h),6.87(d,j=7.8hz,1h),6.80(s,1h),6.77–6.75(m,2h),6.68–6.65(m,1h),6.52(d,j=7.8hz,1h),6.50(s,1h),3.85(s,3h),3.83(s,3h);13cnmr(125mhz,cdcl3)δ166.76,161.19,160.70,159.02,152.37,146.80,142.23,141.04,134.47,131.65,131.12,130.35,128.69,128.00,126.02,113.32,112.69,110.90,108.64,106.96,106.64,105.63,104.84,55.40,29.72;esimsm/z:525(m+h)+.